The structural changes in the Russian economy are further stimulated by the improvement of the government regulation policy. The authors examine the factors and effects of the general economic growth and the integration processes. Special focus is made to the production structure and monetary offer from the banking sector (the credit channel, the exchange channel, the budget channel), inflation targeting. The authors examine the institutional changes in the government policy of economic regulation aimed at improving the country's performance in the world financial system. Thus, Judging from the foreign countries' experience, the gradual transition of the Central Bank of Russia to the inflation targeting regime might take up to 5 years. It is intended to support the country's economic growth and control inflation. It is therefore possible that inflation targeting will be of modified nature. It is believed that expansion of the current trading band for the ruble exchange rate volatility will mean the reduced presence of the CBR on the exchange market, which will lead to the complete abandonment of the present scheme of currency intervention by 2014. If this occurs, then under the oil price of over $80 per barrel and the improvement of the investment climate in the market, one might expect capital inflow increase to Russia. The real opportunities for creation Moscow international financial centre have also been analyzed, as well as compatibility of national financial institutions.